Identification of Isn1 and Sdt1 as Glucose- and Vitamin-regulated Nicotinamide Mononucleotide and Nicotinic Acid Mononucleotide 5 -Nucleotidases Responsible for Production of Nicotinamide Riboside and Nicotinic Acid Riboside*
نویسندگان
چکیده
Katrina L. Bogan, Charles Evans , Peter Belenky, Peng Song, Charles F. Burant , Robert Kennedy, and Charles Brenner From the Biochemistry Graduate Program, Dartmouth Medical School, Lebanon, New Hampshire 03756, the Department of Biochemistry, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, and the Department of Chemistry and the Michigan Metabolomics and Obesity Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
منابع مشابه
Discoveries of Nicotinamide Riboside as a Nutrient and Conserved NRK Genes Establish a Preiss-Handler Independent Route to NAD+ in Fungi and Humans
NAD+ is essential for life in all organisms, both as a coenzyme for oxidoreductases and as a source of ADPribosyl groups used in various reactions, including those that retard aging in experimental systems. Nicotinic acid and nicotinamide were defined as the vitamin precursors of NAD+ in Elvehjem's classic discoveries of the 1930s. The accepted view of eukaryotic NAD+ biosynthesis, that all ana...
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NAD+ is a vital redox cofactor and a substrate required for activity of various enzyme families, including sirtuins and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases. Supplementation with NAD+ precursors, such as nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) or nicotinamide riboside (NR), protects against metabolic disease, neurodegenerative disorders and age-related physiological decline in mammals. Here we show that nico...
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Until recently it had been generally accepted that the formation of diphosphopyridine nucleotide in biological systems starts from nicotinamide, with nicotinamide riboside and nicotinamide mononucleotide as intermediates (Singer & Kearney, 1954). Much of the earlier work on whether nicotinic acid or nicotinamide is the more efficient precursor of diphosphopyridine nucleotide has been controvers...
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Axonal degeneration occurs in many neurodegenerative diseases and after traumatic injury and is a self-destructive program independent from programmed cell death. Previous studies demonstrated that overexpression of nicotinamide mononucleotide adenylyltransferase 1 (Nmnat1) or exogenous application of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) can protect axons of cultured dorsal root ganglion (DR...
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NAD+ is a co-enzyme for hydride transfer enzymes and an essential substrate of ADP-ribose transfer enzymes and sirtuins, the type III protein lysine deacetylases related to yeast Sir2. Supplementation of yeast cells with nicotinamide riboside extends replicative lifespan and increases Sir2-dependent gene silencing by virtue of increasing net NAD+ synthesis. Nicotinamide riboside elevates NAD+ l...
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